<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
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	<id>tag:old.nabble.com,2006:forum-11571</id>
	<title>Nabble - Bio.net - Virology</title>
	<updated>2009-12-01T16:50:02Z</updated>
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	<subtitle type="html">VIROLOGY/bionet.virology</subtitle>
	
<entry>
	<id>tag:old.nabble.com,2006:post-26601874</id>
	<title>Most cited research reagents and kits</title>
	<published>2009-12-01T16:50:02Z</published>
	<updated>2009-12-01T16:50:02Z</updated>
	<author>
		<name>Sciclips</name>
	</author>
	<content type="html">An interactive graph showing most cited research reagents and kits
&lt;br&gt;that are
&lt;br&gt;currently available in the market. The data is based on recent
&lt;br&gt;published journal articles, patents and patent applications. The
&lt;br&gt;current research reagent/kits listings are: Transfection reagents, RT-
&lt;br&gt;PCR, Real-time PCR, RNA purification, cAMP assays, Cytotoxicity assays
&lt;br&gt;and Western blot reagents. Please visit:
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sciclips.com/sciclips/most-cited-reagents.do?cat=TransfectionReagents&quot; target=&quot;_top&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.sciclips.com/sciclips/most-cited-reagents.do?cat=TransfectionReagents&lt;/a&gt;\
&lt;br&gt;&amp;catId=1501
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;_______________________________________________
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</entry>

<entry>
	<id>tag:old.nabble.com,2006:post-26543463</id>
	<title>Theories on why RNA viruses enter the Nucleus</title>
	<published>2009-11-27T06:54:34Z</published>
	<updated>2009-11-27T06:54:34Z</updated>
	<author>
		<name>Tyrion</name>
	</author>
	<content type="html">And no, I don't mean retroviruses. I'm talking about flaviviruses like West Nile Virus. WNV uses importin to enter the nucleus even though its an RNA virus. anyone have any ideas on why? </content>
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</entry>

<entry>
	<id>tag:old.nabble.com,2006:post-25825226</id>
	<title>retrovirus</title>
	<published>2009-10-09T06:35:41Z</published>
	<updated>2009-10-09T06:35:41Z</updated>
	<author>
		<name>Marianne Gutierrez</name>
	</author>
	<content type="html">Dear Sir or Madam,
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;I have been hearing recently that it is a retrovirus that maybe the &amp;nbsp;
&lt;br&gt;cause of ME/CFS.
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Abstract:
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;In today's issue of Science Express, researchers at the Whittemore- 
&lt;br&gt;Peterson Institute (WPI), the Cleveland Clinic and the National Cancer &amp;nbsp;
&lt;br&gt;Institute report that 67% of 101 chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) &amp;nbsp;
&lt;br&gt;patients tested positive for infection with xenobiotic murine &amp;nbsp;
&lt;br&gt;retrovirus (XMRV), a gammaretrovirus associated with a subset of &amp;nbsp;
&lt;br&gt;prostate cancer. Only 3.7% of 218 healthy subjects tested were &amp;nbsp;
&lt;br&gt;positive for the virus. Read the joint press release issued at 2:00pm &amp;nbsp;
&lt;br&gt;today.
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Can you tell me:
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Are all retrovirii contagious?
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Is the XMRV xenobiotic murine retrovirus contagious?
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;I found this link: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.bio.net/bionet/mm/virology/1995-December/005003.html&quot; target=&quot;_top&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.bio.net/bionet/mm/virology/1995-December/005003.html&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp; which was helpful in explaining what a retrovirus is.
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;How is a retrovirus contracted, with emphasis on the contagious nature &amp;nbsp;
&lt;br&gt;of the XMRV?
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Thank you very much for your help.
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Yours sincerely
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Marianne Gutierrez NAMMT, MICHT
&lt;br&gt;www.mariannegutierrez.com
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;_______________________________________________
&lt;br&gt;Virology mailing list
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</entry>

<entry>
	<id>tag:old.nabble.com,2006:post-25705202</id>
	<title>University of Texas: It Takes $5 to Help Fund an HIV Vaccine! (no spam)</title>
	<published>2009-10-01T08:37:05Z</published>
	<updated>2009-10-01T08:37:05Z</updated>
	<author>
		<name>italian-3</name>
	</author>
	<content type="html">Help support the research of Dr. Sudhir Paul of The University of
&lt;br&gt;Texas Houston Medical School, who has published the development of a
&lt;br&gt;chemically activated prototype vaccine that causes production of
&lt;br&gt;protective antibodies against genetically-diverse strains of HIV in an
&lt;br&gt;animal model.
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Now he needs your help to continue his research so they can raise the
&lt;br&gt;money to begin human trials. &amp;nbsp;It’s easy, just go to endHIV.com to
&lt;br&gt;donate.
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;A video has been created to spread the word about Dr. Paul’s work, and
&lt;br&gt;we need your help.
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JjP_H5n33Eo&quot; target=&quot;_top&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JjP_H5n33Eo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;The video features several celebs (Wilson Cruz, Lady Bunny, Angie
&lt;br&gt;Pontani, Thea Gill, Clifford Banagale, Kristen Renton and more) and a
&lt;br&gt;prominent HIV activist who was born HIV positive (Hydeia Broadbent).
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Visit this web-site and DONATE: &lt;a href=&quot;http://covalentimmunology.org/sections/donate.html&quot; target=&quot;_top&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://covalentimmunology.org/sections/donate.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;_______________________________________________
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</entry>

<entry>
	<id>tag:old.nabble.com,2006:post-25627573</id>
	<title>Lifespan of a Virus</title>
	<published>2009-09-25T18:32:09Z</published>
	<updated>2009-09-25T18:32:09Z</updated>
	<author>
		<name>Graham P. Neil</name>
	</author>
	<content type="html">Hello, 
&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;br&gt;Holy crap is this site ever old. &amp;nbsp;Does anyone maintain this? &amp;nbsp;Anyway
&lt;br&gt;I was wondering if you ever got an answer to your Virus Lifespan question, 
&lt;br&gt;and if so could you show me where to look. &amp;nbsp;I've alway been curious about 
&lt;br&gt;this one too. 
&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;br&gt;Sincerely, 
&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;br&gt;Graham Neil
&lt;br&gt;Calgary, Canada.
&lt;br&gt;_______________________________________________
&lt;br&gt;Virology mailing list
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</entry>

<entry>
	<id>tag:old.nabble.com,2006:post-24856246</id>
	<title>high/low pathogenicity of flu virus</title>
	<published>2009-08-06T16:06:18Z</published>
	<updated>2009-08-06T16:06:18Z</updated>
	<author>
		<name>mingzh</name>
	</author>
	<content type="html">Dear all,
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;I have a very naive question... How to classify high and low &amp;nbsp;
&lt;br&gt;pathogenicity of influenza viruses? And where can I obtain such a &amp;nbsp;
&lt;br&gt;list of each category?
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Thanks in advance!
&lt;br&gt;Ming
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;==
&lt;br&gt;Ming Zhang
&lt;br&gt;T-6/CNLS, K710
&lt;br&gt;Los Alamos National Lab
&lt;br&gt;Los Alamos, NM 87544
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;_______________________________________________
&lt;br&gt;Virology mailing list
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</entry>

<entry>
	<id>tag:old.nabble.com,2006:post-24836978</id>
	<title>RE: When a Herpes Simplex Virus &quot;dies&quot; (M2)</title>
	<published>2009-08-05T14:49:54Z</published>
	<updated>2009-08-05T14:49:54Z</updated>
	<author>
		<name>Dunowska, Magda</name>
	</author>
	<content type="html">The viruses are not really &amp;quot;alive&amp;quot;, as the only way they can replicate themselves is by hijacking the cellular machinery of the host. In order to do this, they need to be able to enter the cells. This is a complicated process and typically glycoproteins present in the envelope of enveloped viruses (such as herpesviruses) play a role in this step. So, damage to the envelope would result in the inability of the virus to enter the cell and therefore the virus would be considered &amp;quot;dead&amp;quot; as it cannot propagate itself any longer. It may still &amp;quot;look&amp;quot; like an infectious virus, e.g. has the typical herpesviral structure under electron microscope, but pretty much what's remaining is a mixture of viral proteins, lipids and sugars, which in time would &amp;quot;disappear&amp;quot; as any organic matter does...
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;This is why enveloped viruses are typically pretty fragile and do not survive well outside their hosts - most of them can be easily &amp;quot;killed&amp;quot; with common disinfectants. In general, they also do not survive well drying or heating (e.g. sunlight), but may retain their ability to infect new hosts for longer (e.g. days) in the dark, humid environment (e.g. a cave, a shaded water trough etc). 
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Magda Dunowska, LW (vet), PhD
&lt;br&gt;Senior Lecturer in Veterinary Infectious Diseases (Virology)
&lt;br&gt;Institute of Veterinary, Animal and Biomedical Sciences
&lt;br&gt;Te Kura Mātauranga Kararehe
&lt;br&gt;Massey University
&lt;br&gt;Palmerston North
&lt;br&gt;New Zealand
&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;br&gt;Phone : (06) 356-9099 ext 7571
&lt;br&gt;Website : &lt;a href=&quot;http://ivabs.massey.ac.nz&quot; target=&quot;_top&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://ivabs.massey.ac.nz&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;-----Original Message-----
&lt;br&gt;From: &lt;a href=&quot;http://old.nabble.com/user/SendEmail.jtp?type=post&amp;post=24836978&amp;i=0&quot; target=&quot;_top&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;virology-bounces@...&lt;/a&gt; [mailto:&lt;a href=&quot;http://old.nabble.com/user/SendEmail.jtp?type=post&amp;post=24836978&amp;i=1&quot; target=&quot;_top&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;virology-bounces@...&lt;/a&gt;] On Behalf Of &lt;a href=&quot;http://old.nabble.com/user/SendEmail.jtp?type=post&amp;post=24836978&amp;i=2&quot; target=&quot;_top&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;virology-request@...&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;br&gt;Sent: Thursday, 6 August 2009 5:04 a.m.
&lt;br&gt;To: &lt;a href=&quot;http://old.nabble.com/user/SendEmail.jtp?type=post&amp;post=24836978&amp;i=3&quot; target=&quot;_top&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;virology@...&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;br&gt;Subject: Virology Digest, Vol 39, Issue 1
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Send Virology mailing list submissions to
&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &lt;a href=&quot;http://old.nabble.com/user/SendEmail.jtp?type=post&amp;post=24836978&amp;i=4&quot; target=&quot;_top&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;virology@...&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;To subscribe or unsubscribe via the World Wide Web, visit
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&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;You can reach the person managing the list at
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&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;When replying, please edit your Subject line so it is more specific
&lt;br&gt;than &amp;quot;Re: Contents of Virology digest...&amp;quot;
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Today's Topics:
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;1. When a Herpes Simplex Virus &amp;quot;dies&amp;quot; (M2)
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;----------------------------------------------------------------------
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Message: 1
&lt;br&gt;Date: Tue, 04 Aug 2009 22:54:48 -0500
&lt;br&gt;From: M2 &amp;lt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://old.nabble.com/user/SendEmail.jtp?type=post&amp;post=24836978&amp;i=7&quot; target=&quot;_top&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;M2slo2cht@...&lt;/a&gt;&amp;gt;
&lt;br&gt;Subject: [Virology] When a Herpes Simplex Virus &amp;quot;dies&amp;quot;
&lt;br&gt;To: &lt;a href=&quot;http://old.nabble.com/user/SendEmail.jtp?type=post&amp;post=24836978&amp;i=8&quot; target=&quot;_top&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;bionet-virology@...&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;br&gt;Message-ID: &amp;lt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://old.nabble.com/user/SendEmail.jtp?type=post&amp;post=24836978&amp;i=9&quot; target=&quot;_top&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;lpvh75t7abkvumpol4pq2f1jucbo2cb25s@...&lt;/a&gt;&amp;gt;
&lt;br&gt;Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;I'm a layman with a question.
&lt;br&gt;I've been told that a Herpes Simplex Virus dies almost immediately
&lt;br&gt;when it sloughs off the surface of the skin. &amp;nbsp;But I've also been told
&lt;br&gt;that a virus isn't actually a living organism. So my question is, what
&lt;br&gt;actually happens to HSV when it &amp;quot;dies&amp;quot;? &amp;nbsp; I've always assumed it's
&lt;br&gt;envelope disintegrates and it simply falls apart and disappears.. &amp;nbsp;Am
&lt;br&gt;I close?
&lt;br&gt;Thanks in advance
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;------------------------------
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;_______________________________________________
&lt;br&gt;Virology mailing list
&lt;br&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://old.nabble.com/user/SendEmail.jtp?type=post&amp;post=24836978&amp;i=10&quot; target=&quot;_top&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Virology@...&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;br&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.bio.net/biomail/listinfo/virology&quot; target=&quot;_top&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.bio.net/biomail/listinfo/virology&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;End of Virology Digest, Vol 39, Issue 1
&lt;br&gt;***************************************
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;_______________________________________________
&lt;br&gt;Virology mailing list
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</entry>

<entry>
	<id>tag:old.nabble.com,2006:post-24820615</id>
	<title>When a Herpes Simplex Virus &quot;dies&quot;</title>
	<published>2009-08-04T20:54:48Z</published>
	<updated>2009-08-04T20:54:48Z</updated>
	<author>
		<name>M2-3</name>
	</author>
	<content type="html">I'm a layman with a question.
&lt;br&gt;I've been told that a Herpes Simplex Virus dies almost immediately
&lt;br&gt;when it sloughs off the surface of the skin. &amp;nbsp;But I've also been told
&lt;br&gt;that a virus isn't actually a living organism. So my question is, what
&lt;br&gt;actually happens to HSV when it &amp;quot;dies&amp;quot;? &amp;nbsp; I've always assumed it's
&lt;br&gt;envelope disintegrates and it simply falls apart and disappears.. &amp;nbsp;Am
&lt;br&gt;I close?
&lt;br&gt;Thanks in advance
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;_______________________________________________
&lt;br&gt;Virology mailing list
&lt;br&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://old.nabble.com/user/SendEmail.jtp?type=post&amp;post=24820615&amp;i=0&quot; target=&quot;_top&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Virology@...&lt;/a&gt;
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</entry>

<entry>
	<id>tag:old.nabble.com,2006:post-24702204</id>
	<title>about PhD programme</title>
	<published>2009-07-28T03:58:39Z</published>
	<updated>2009-07-28T03:58:39Z</updated>
	<author>
		<name>balram adhikari</name>
	</author>
	<content type="html">&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Dear sir namaste
&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;br&gt;I am microbiologist completed Masters in medical microbiology from Tribhuvan university.
&lt;br&gt;Now i am working as microbiologist at National Public Health laboratory. Here i have been involved to perform RT-PCR for Pandemic influenza A/H1N1 2009, to orient Laboratory personnel about new influenza virus and HIV Viral load.We are using primers provided by CDC and follow same protocol.I have been working here from last 2 years.From last two years we are running Antimicrobial Resistant programme of selected pathogens. 
&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;br&gt;I am much interested for further study in the related field especially for PhD programme.
&lt;br&gt;Actually i am seeking for scholarship programme. Please kindly provide me detail information about scholarship programme for PhD at your university. 
&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;br&gt;I have attached my CV along with this mail please find it.
&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;br&gt;Hope for positive consideration
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Bal Ram Adhikari
&lt;br&gt;Microbiologist
&lt;br&gt;National Public Health Laboratory
&lt;br&gt;Teku, Kathmandu
&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;_________________________________________________________________
&lt;br&gt;With Windows Live, you can organize, edit, and share your photos.
&lt;br&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.microsoft.com/middleeast/windows/windowslive/products/photo-gallery-edit.aspx_______________________________________________&quot; target=&quot;_top&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.microsoft.com/middleeast/windows/windowslive/products/photo-gallery-edit.aspx_______________________________________________&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;Virology mailing list
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</entry>

<entry>
	<id>tag:old.nabble.com,2006:post-23408352</id>
	<title>Biocontainment Facilities Inquiry</title>
	<published>2009-05-05T23:14:05Z</published>
	<updated>2009-05-05T23:14:05Z</updated>
	<author>
		<name>zak.constantine</name>
	</author>
	<content type="html">Hello,
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;I am working on a research paper about biocontainment facilities and
&lt;br&gt;known or suspected incidents which may have affected the communities
&lt;br&gt;which facilities reside in.
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Do you know of (or where I may find) a comprehensive list of
&lt;br&gt;biocontainment facilities?
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Are you aware of any biocontainment failure resources which may be of
&lt;br&gt;interest?
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;_______________________________________________
&lt;br&gt;Virology mailing list
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&lt;br&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.bio.net/biomail/listinfo/virology&quot; target=&quot;_top&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.bio.net/biomail/listinfo/virology&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;</content>
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</entry>

<entry>
	<id>tag:old.nabble.com,2006:post-23408311</id>
	<title>Lifespan of a Virus</title>
	<published>2009-05-01T16:39:00Z</published>
	<updated>2009-05-01T16:39:00Z</updated>
	<author>
		<name>Frolick, Vernon AG:EX</name>
	</author>
	<content type="html">Great question - it's one I've been curious about for many years. &amp;nbsp;I was
&lt;br&gt;just looking for the answer and found your question. &amp;nbsp;
&lt;br&gt;_______________________________________________
&lt;br&gt;Virology mailing list
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&lt;br&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.bio.net/biomail/listinfo/virology&quot; target=&quot;_top&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.bio.net/biomail/listinfo/virology&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;</content>
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</entry>

<entry>
	<id>tag:old.nabble.com,2006:post-22541392</id>
	<title>proteasome/luciferase</title>
	<published>2009-03-16T01:44:49Z</published>
	<updated>2009-03-16T01:44:49Z</updated>
	<author>
		<name>joshua kruger</name>
	</author>
	<content type="html">Dr Alain Kohl,
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;I saw your posting at www.bio.net that you made some years ago. We are
&lt;br&gt;also trying to use luciferase as a proteasome reporter and we are also
&lt;br&gt;getting some really weird stuff.
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Did your work lead to a publication in this area? What do you think is
&lt;br&gt;going on?
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;- Joshua Kruger, UCSD Graduate Student
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;_______________________________________________
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&lt;br&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.bio.net/biomail/listinfo/virology&quot; target=&quot;_top&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.bio.net/biomail/listinfo/virology&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;</content>
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</entry>

<entry>
	<id>tag:old.nabble.com,2006:post-22321817</id>
	<title>Re: Viral Load levels of HIV and HHV-6A</title>
	<published>2009-03-03T17:23:08Z</published>
	<updated>2009-03-03T17:23:08Z</updated>
	<author>
		<name>Ian A. York</name>
	</author>
	<content type="html">In article &amp;lt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://old.nabble.com/user/SendEmail.jtp?type=post&amp;post=22321817&amp;i=0&quot; target=&quot;_top&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;mailman.394.1236118182.13724.virology@...&lt;/a&gt;&amp;gt;,
&lt;br&gt;marla rea &amp;nbsp;&amp;lt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://old.nabble.com/user/SendEmail.jtp?type=post&amp;post=22321817&amp;i=1&quot; target=&quot;_top&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;msrea@...&lt;/a&gt;&amp;gt; wrote:
&lt;br&gt;&amp;gt;I am trying to reach James Scutero regarding his Lysine chart. &amp;nbsp;This &amp;nbsp;
&lt;br&gt;&amp;gt;was the email address that came up. &amp;nbsp;If it is correct, could he please &amp;nbsp;
&lt;br&gt;&amp;gt;respond to this email?
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Scutero reportedly died in 1998.
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Ian
&lt;br&gt;-- 
&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; Ian York &amp;nbsp; (&lt;a href=&quot;http://old.nabble.com/user/SendEmail.jtp?type=post&amp;post=22321817&amp;i=2&quot; target=&quot;_top&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;iayork@...&lt;/a&gt;) &amp;nbsp;&amp;lt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.panix.com/~iayork/&quot; target=&quot;_top&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.panix.com/~iayork/&lt;/a&gt;&amp;gt;
&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;quot;-but as he was a York, I am rather inclined to suppose him a
&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;very respectable Man.&amp;quot; -Jane Austen, The History of England
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;_______________________________________________
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</entry>

<entry>
	<id>tag:old.nabble.com,2006:post-22319099</id>
	<title>Viral Load levels of HIV and HHV-6A</title>
	<published>2009-03-02T21:25:49Z</published>
	<updated>2009-03-02T21:25:49Z</updated>
	<author>
		<name>marla rea</name>
	</author>
	<content type="html">I am trying to reach James Scutero regarding his Lysine chart. &amp;nbsp;This &amp;nbsp;
&lt;br&gt;was the email address that came up. &amp;nbsp;If it is correct, could he please &amp;nbsp;
&lt;br&gt;respond to this email?
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Thank you
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;_______________________________________________
&lt;br&gt;Virology mailing list
&lt;br&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://old.nabble.com/user/SendEmail.jtp?type=post&amp;post=22319099&amp;i=0&quot; target=&quot;_top&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Virology@...&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;br&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.bio.net/biomail/listinfo/virology&quot; target=&quot;_top&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.bio.net/biomail/listinfo/virology&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;</content>
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</entry>

<entry>
	<id>tag:old.nabble.com,2006:post-21778779</id>
	<title>ambisense RNA</title>
	<published>2009-02-01T10:49:02Z</published>
	<updated>2009-02-01T10:49:02Z</updated>
	<author>
		<name>slm08</name>
	</author>
	<content type="html">How can you tell if ssRNA is ambisense, or negative sense, or positive sense in the lab?</content>
	<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://old.nabble.com/ambisense-RNA-tp21778779p21778779.html" />
</entry>

<entry>
	<id>tag:old.nabble.com,2006:post-21714757</id>
	<title>penton and hexon number</title>
	<published>2009-01-28T12:15:16Z</published>
	<updated>2009-01-28T12:15:16Z</updated>
	<author>
		<name>Tim O'Brien-6</name>
	</author>
	<content type="html">Dear Paul Clark: &amp;nbsp;I am working with the possibility of interrupting the rhinovirus at one of it's developmental stages by binding it with a charged particle in vivo. &amp;nbsp;However, I have not been able to find the correct hexon or penton number with the accuaracy that you have. &amp;nbsp;If you don't mind me asking, which method did you use.
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Tim O'Brien
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; __________________________________________________________________
&lt;br&gt;Yahoo! Canada Toolbar: Search from anywhere on the web, and bookmark your favourite sites. Download it now at
&lt;br&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://ca.toolbar.yahoo.com&quot; target=&quot;_top&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://ca.toolbar.yahoo.com&lt;/a&gt;.
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;_______________________________________________
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</entry>

<entry>
	<id>tag:old.nabble.com,2006:post-21327995</id>
	<title>Hepatitis B virus. need some help</title>
	<published>2009-01-07T01:44:17Z</published>
	<updated>2009-01-07T01:44:17Z</updated>
	<author>
		<name>kobibi</name>
	</author>
	<content type="html">HBV has 4 groups of proteins-polymerase. core,surface and x protein. &amp;nbsp; what is the order of thier expression. I it is hard to find an article about it because of the lack of &lt;i&gt;in vitro&lt;/i&gt;&amp;nbsp;systems in the research of this virus
&lt;br&gt;thanks</content>
	<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://old.nabble.com/Hepatitis-B-virus.-need-some-help-tp21327995p21327995.html" />
</entry>

<entry>
	<id>tag:old.nabble.com,2006:post-20947178</id>
	<title>short courses</title>
	<published>2008-12-10T16:25:54Z</published>
	<updated>2008-12-10T16:25:54Z</updated>
	<author>
		<name>artsanchez04</name>
	</author>
	<content type="html">I finsihed my PhD few years ago. I have been working with energy
&lt;br&gt;metabolism and gene expression. However life and work moved me to a
&lt;br&gt;new field: virology. I am starting to work with marine viruses.
&lt;br&gt;Unfortunately, this is a new field and i lack the knowledge of several
&lt;br&gt;things related to viruses. But I am delighted with this &amp;quot;life&amp;quot; forms.
&lt;br&gt;I am very interested to attend an intensive course or a short course
&lt;br&gt;of basic virology. Does anyone knows if somebody is offering such a
&lt;br&gt;course? I would really appreciate this information.
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Thanks in advance for your kind attention
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;_______________________________________________
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&lt;br&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://old.nabble.com/user/SendEmail.jtp?type=post&amp;post=20947178&amp;i=0&quot; target=&quot;_top&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Virology@...&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;br&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.bio.net/biomail/listinfo/virology&quot; target=&quot;_top&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.bio.net/biomail/listinfo/virology&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;</content>
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</entry>

<entry>
	<id>tag:old.nabble.com,2006:post-20170001</id>
	<title>Re: The emergence of hepatitis C infection - please help</title>
	<published>2008-10-25T19:18:36Z</published>
	<updated>2008-10-25T19:18:36Z</updated>
	<author>
		<name>Bob-41</name>
	</author>
	<content type="html">On Mon, 20 Oct 2008 13:32:50 -0700 (PDT), biostudent
&lt;br&gt;&amp;lt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://old.nabble.com/user/SendEmail.jtp?type=post&amp;post=20170001&amp;i=0&quot; target=&quot;_top&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;mp00010@...&lt;/a&gt;&amp;gt; wrote:
&lt;br&gt;&lt;div class='shrinkable-quote'&gt;&lt;br&gt;&amp;gt;
&lt;br&gt;&amp;gt;Hi people,
&lt;br&gt;&amp;gt;
&lt;br&gt;&amp;gt;I'm doing a piece of work at university which asks me to explain the
&lt;br&gt;&amp;gt;&amp;quot;emergence of hepatitis C infection and show how human activities have
&lt;br&gt;&amp;gt;contributed to its transmission across the centuries&amp;quot;. 
&lt;br&gt;&amp;gt;
&lt;br&gt;&amp;gt;Try as I might I cannot find any journals or information about the history
&lt;br&gt;&amp;gt;of hepatitis C except its discovery in 1989, which I already know about. It
&lt;br&gt;&amp;gt;must have been around for centuries in different countries etc...
&lt;br&gt;&amp;gt;
&lt;br&gt;&amp;gt;Can anyone give me any titles of appropriate journals or give me any search
&lt;br&gt;&amp;gt;tips. 
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;It would help if you gave an idea of what you have tried.
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;So let's start at the beginning. You've searched PubMed for something
&lt;br&gt;like
&lt;br&gt;hepatitis C history
&lt;br&gt;??
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;The number of hits may be large, so you might choose &amp;quot;reviews&amp;quot;.
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Of course, you can vary that search. &amp;quot;transmission&amp;quot; might be a good
&lt;br&gt;term.
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;You know that Hep-C used to be called non-A non-B -- before the C
&lt;br&gt;virus was actually isolated?
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;I am surprised you can't figure out how it used to be transmitted by
&lt;br&gt;reading recent info, even in textbooks, on how it is now transmitted.
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&amp;quot;Emergence&amp;quot; is tricky. Look how hard it has been to figure out how HIV
&lt;br&gt;emerged in humans -- and this is rather recent. You'll need to try to
&lt;br&gt;trace it as best you can, learn about other hosts, and then somehow
&lt;br&gt;suggest a &amp;nbsp;story.
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Some thoughts to start with.
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;bob
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;_______________________________________________
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&lt;br&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.bio.net/biomail/listinfo/virology&quot; target=&quot;_top&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.bio.net/biomail/listinfo/virology&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;</content>
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</entry>

<entry>
	<id>tag:old.nabble.com,2006:post-20078175</id>
	<title>The emergence of hepatitis C infection - please help</title>
	<published>2008-10-20T13:32:49Z</published>
	<updated>2008-10-20T13:32:49Z</updated>
	<author>
		<name>biostudent</name>
	</author>
	<content type="html">Hi people,
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;I'm doing a piece of work at university which asks me to explain the &amp;quot;emergence of hepatitis C infection and show how human activities have contributed to its transmission across the centuries&amp;quot;. 
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Try as I might I cannot find any journals or information about the history of hepatitis C except its discovery in 1989, which I already know about. It must have been around for centuries in different countries etc...
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Can anyone give me any titles of appropriate journals or give me any search tips. Seems really hard to find.
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Many thanks for any help</content>
	<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://old.nabble.com/The-emergence-of-hepatitis-C-infection---please-help-tp20078175p20078175.html" />
</entry>

<entry>
	<id>tag:old.nabble.com,2006:post-18738464</id>
	<title>Cervical Swabs for HPV PCR</title>
	<published>2008-07-30T01:11:49Z</published>
	<updated>2008-07-30T01:11:49Z</updated>
	<author>
		<name>Sümeyra Alkýþ</name>
	</author>
	<content type="html">Hello,I would like to hear from anyone who is actually doing PCR for Human
&lt;br&gt;Papillomaviruses on DNA from cells obtained by cervical swabs, cytobrush,
&lt;br&gt;cervical lavage etc.  Basically, what works best for you?  For example,
&lt;br&gt;which do you recommend.. brush or swab or?,is the swab, brush etc. left dry
&lt;br&gt;in collection tube?, in a transport media?, at what temperature?  How best
&lt;br&gt;to separate cells?  extraction procedure? and so on.  
&lt;br&gt;Many thanx for any good info.
&lt;br&gt;Dr.Sumeyra kocturk from Turkey
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;_______________________________________________
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</entry>

<entry>
	<id>tag:old.nabble.com,2006:post-18095445</id>
	<title>virus life</title>
	<published>2008-06-24T08:29:01Z</published>
	<updated>2008-06-24T08:29:01Z</updated>
	<author>
		<name>Ekta Mukhopadhyay</name>
	</author>
	<content type="html">Hello Philipp,
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Didi you get any reply on this question. I was too looking for the same.
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;It would be great if you reply
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Thanks
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Ekta
&lt;br&gt;_______________________________________________
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&lt;br&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.bio.net/biomail/listinfo/virology&quot; target=&quot;_top&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.bio.net/biomail/listinfo/virology&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;</content>
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</entry>

<entry>
	<id>tag:old.nabble.com,2006:post-17604820</id>
	<title>From Paul Tucker</title>
	<published>2008-06-02T04:29:59Z</published>
	<updated>2008-06-02T04:29:59Z</updated>
	<author>
		<name>Paul Tucker-2</name>
	</author>
	<content type="html">Dear Colleague,
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp; I'd &amp;nbsp;like to remind you of the
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;*VIZIER / SPINE2 Workshop on “Structural Virology*
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;taking place 14th - 16th July, 2008, Vienna, Austria
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;see: &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.projects.mfpl.ac.at/structural-virology/&quot; target=&quot;_top&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.projects.mfpl.ac.at/structural-virology/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;We can accept up to 100 participants (on a first come first serve &amp;nbsp;
&lt;br&gt;basis) and although we're not there yet the number is starting to &amp;nbsp;
&lt;br&gt;increase.
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; On behalf of the Organizers,
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<entry>
	<id>tag:old.nabble.com,2006:post-17588947</id>
	<title>Re: Molecular weight of influenza virus proteins</title>
	<published>2008-05-31T20:43:49Z</published>
	<updated>2008-05-31T20:43:49Z</updated>
	<author>
		<name>Bob-41</name>
	</author>
	<content type="html">On Wed, 28 May 2008 15:14:12 +0300, &amp;quot;Sagit Ziv-Sefer&amp;quot;
&lt;br&gt;&amp;lt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://old.nabble.com/user/SendEmail.jtp?type=post&amp;post=17588947&amp;i=0&quot; target=&quot;_top&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;ziv@...&lt;/a&gt;&amp;gt; wrote:
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&amp;gt;Does some one know the molecular weight of Influenza virus proteins (HA,
&lt;br&gt;&amp;gt;NP, M, NS etc.) and how do they shown on an SDS-PAGE gel?
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.pnas.org/cgi/content/abstract/75/8/3625&quot; target=&quot;_top&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.pnas.org/cgi/content/abstract/75/8/3625&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;The paper should be freely available there.
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;bob
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;_______________________________________________
&lt;br&gt;Virology mailing list
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<entry>
	<id>tag:old.nabble.com,2006:post-17546393</id>
	<title>Molecular weight of influenza virus proteins</title>
	<published>2008-05-28T05:14:12Z</published>
	<updated>2008-05-28T05:14:12Z</updated>
	<author>
		<name>Sagit Ziv-Sefer</name>
	</author>
	<content type="html">Does some one know the molecular weight of Influenza virus proteins (HA,
&lt;br&gt;NP, M, NS etc.) and how do they shown on an SDS-PAGE gel?
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Thanks
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Sagit
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://old.nabble.com/user/SendEmail.jtp?type=post&amp;post=17546393&amp;i=0&quot; target=&quot;_top&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Ziv@...&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;
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<entry>
	<id>tag:old.nabble.com,2006:post-17190692</id>
	<title>RE: RE: particle to pfu ratio</title>
	<published>2008-05-11T19:27:17Z</published>
	<updated>2008-05-11T19:27:17Z</updated>
	<author>
		<name>Randhawa, Parmjeet</name>
	</author>
	<content type="html">Magda,
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Thanks for the correction. I was confusing genome size with virion diameter. Parvovirus is much smaller (approximately 20 nm versus 50 nm).
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;The low sensitivity of electron microscopy is an issue for clinical diagnosis but should not be for virus grown in culture. I do not have personal experience in quantitation or the accuracy thereof. 
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;I will be interested in data on the accuracy of PFU measurements too. Since it involves serial dilution of a stock the accuracy would depend on how many dilution steps are used before actual plating. 
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Parmjeet
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Parmjeet Randhawa, M.D.
&lt;br&gt;Professor of Pathology,
&lt;br&gt;Division of Transplant Pathology,
&lt;br&gt;University of Pittsburgh, Department of Pathology,
&lt;br&gt;E737 UPMC-Montefiore Hospital,
&lt;br&gt;3459 Fifth Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15213.
&lt;br&gt;Phone: 412 647 7646
&lt;br&gt;Fax: 412 647 5237
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;-----Original Message-----
&lt;br&gt;From: &lt;a href=&quot;http://old.nabble.com/user/SendEmail.jtp?type=post&amp;post=17190692&amp;i=0&quot; target=&quot;_top&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;virology-bounces@...&lt;/a&gt; [mailto:&lt;a href=&quot;http://old.nabble.com/user/SendEmail.jtp?type=post&amp;post=17190692&amp;i=1&quot; target=&quot;_top&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;virology-bounces@...&lt;/a&gt;] On Behalf Of Dunowska, Magda
&lt;br&gt;Sent: Sunday, May 11, 2008 5:56 PM
&lt;br&gt;To: Randhawa, Parmjeet; &lt;a href=&quot;http://old.nabble.com/user/SendEmail.jtp?type=post&amp;post=17190692&amp;i=2&quot; target=&quot;_top&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;virology@...&lt;/a&gt;; &lt;a href=&quot;http://old.nabble.com/user/SendEmail.jtp?type=post&amp;post=17190692&amp;i=3&quot; target=&quot;_top&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;virology@...&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;br&gt;Subject: RE: [Virology] RE: particle to pfu ratio
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Hi everybody,
&lt;br&gt;With respect to Parmjeet's email below: I got the 5.2 from a description in a veterinary virology book, but after your email I did check that info. So, parvovirus genomes are 5 kbp long according to the latest report on virus taxonomy (&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ICTVdb/ICTVdB/00.050.1.01.htm&quot; target=&quot;_top&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ICTVdb/ICTVdB/00.050.1.01.htm&lt;/a&gt;) and the available full genome sequences of porcine parvovirus on GenBank are about this length (a link to a recent submission of a whole sequence of 5075 bp: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/viewer.fcgi?db=nucleotide&amp;val=9628826&quot; target=&quot;_top&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/viewer.fcgi?db=nucleotide&amp;val=9628826&lt;/a&gt;).
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Also, I am not sure how accurate the EM would be for quantifying viral particles, as it is a pretty insensitive tool and one needs at least 10*6 particles/mL to be even able to see them under EM, but I would be very interested to know whether or not anybody out there have used it for this purpose?
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Magda Dunowska, LW (vet), PhD
&lt;br&gt;Senior Lecturer in Veterinary Infectious Diseases (Virology)
&lt;br&gt;Institute of Veterinary, Animal and Biomedical Sciences
&lt;br&gt;Te Kura Mātauranga Kararehe
&lt;br&gt;Massey University
&lt;br&gt;Palmerston North
&lt;br&gt;New Zealand
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Phone : (06) 356-9099 ext 7571
&lt;br&gt;Website : &lt;a href=&quot;http://ivabs.massey.ac.nz&quot; target=&quot;_top&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://ivabs.massey.ac.nz&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;-----Original Message-----
&lt;br&gt;From: Randhawa, Parmjeet [mailto:&lt;a href=&quot;http://old.nabble.com/user/SendEmail.jtp?type=post&amp;post=17190692&amp;i=4&quot; target=&quot;_top&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;randhawapa@...&lt;/a&gt;]
&lt;br&gt;Sent: Saturday, 10 May 2008 5:43 p.m.
&lt;br&gt;To: Dunowska, Magda; &lt;a href=&quot;http://old.nabble.com/user/SendEmail.jtp?type=post&amp;post=17190692&amp;i=5&quot; target=&quot;_top&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;virology@...&lt;/a&gt;; &lt;a href=&quot;http://old.nabble.com/user/SendEmail.jtp?type=post&amp;post=17190692&amp;i=6&quot; target=&quot;_top&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;virology@...&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;br&gt;Subject: RE: [Virology] RE: particle to pfu ratio
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;I think parvovirus is smaller than 5.2 kb, more like 2-3 kb. Virus
&lt;br&gt;particles could also be quantitated by electron microscopy but that will
&lt;br&gt;not distinguish viable from non-viable virions.
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Parmjeet Randhawa, M.D.
&lt;br&gt;Professor of Pathology,
&lt;br&gt;Division of Transplant Pathology,
&lt;br&gt;University of Pittsburgh, Department of Pathology,
&lt;br&gt;E737 UPMC-Montefiore Hospital,
&lt;br&gt;3459 Fifth Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15213.
&lt;br&gt;Phone: 412 647 7646
&lt;br&gt;Fax: 412 647 5237
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;-----Original Message-----
&lt;br&gt;From: &lt;a href=&quot;http://old.nabble.com/user/SendEmail.jtp?type=post&amp;post=17190692&amp;i=7&quot; target=&quot;_top&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;virology-bounces@...&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;br&gt;[mailto:&lt;a href=&quot;http://old.nabble.com/user/SendEmail.jtp?type=post&amp;post=17190692&amp;i=8&quot; target=&quot;_top&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;virology-bounces@...&lt;/a&gt;] On Behalf Of Dunowska,
&lt;br&gt;Magda
&lt;br&gt;Sent: Friday, May 09, 2008 7:14 PM
&lt;br&gt;To: &lt;a href=&quot;http://old.nabble.com/user/SendEmail.jtp?type=post&amp;post=17190692&amp;i=9&quot; target=&quot;_top&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;virology@...&lt;/a&gt;; &lt;a href=&quot;http://old.nabble.com/user/SendEmail.jtp?type=post&amp;post=17190692&amp;i=10&quot; target=&quot;_top&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;virology@...&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;br&gt;Subject: [Virology] RE: particle to pfu ratio
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Doria,
&lt;br&gt;If you have a pure virus prep, maybe you could titrate it (to get PFU/mL
&lt;br&gt;value), and then extract viral DNA and estimate the number of viral
&lt;br&gt;particles based on the amount of viral DNA present, knowing that
&lt;br&gt;parvoviruses have a single-stranded DNA genome about 5.2 kbp in size?
&lt;br&gt;Just a thought...
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Magda
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;----------------------------------------------------------------------
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Message: 1
&lt;br&gt;Date: Wed, 7 May 2008 12:26:10 -0400
&lt;br&gt;From: &amp;quot;Bowers, Doria&amp;quot; &amp;lt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://old.nabble.com/user/SendEmail.jtp?type=post&amp;post=17190692&amp;i=11&quot; target=&quot;_top&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;dbowers@...&lt;/a&gt;&amp;gt;
&lt;br&gt;Subject: [Virology] particle to pfu ratios
&lt;br&gt;To: &amp;lt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://old.nabble.com/user/SendEmail.jtp?type=post&amp;post=17190692&amp;i=12&quot; target=&quot;_top&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;virology@...&lt;/a&gt;&amp;gt;
&lt;br&gt;Message-ID:
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&amp;lt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://old.nabble.com/user/SendEmail.jtp?type=post&amp;post=17190692&amp;i=13&quot; target=&quot;_top&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;783CE756031AB141B53257D89039DD75075EFFA3@...&lt;/a&gt;&amp;gt;
&lt;br&gt;Content-Type: text/plain; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; charset=&amp;quot;US-ASCII&amp;quot;
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;We are wondering what the particle:PFU ratio is for porcine parvovirus.
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Any ideas how to acquire this statistic?
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Doria Bowers
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;------------------------------
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;_______________________________________________
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&lt;br&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.bio.net/biomail/listinfo/virology&quot; target=&quot;_top&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.bio.net/biomail/listinfo/virology&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;End of Virology Digest, Vol 29, Issue 1
&lt;br&gt;***************************************
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;_______________________________________________
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&lt;br&gt;Virology mailing list
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<entry>
	<id>tag:old.nabble.com,2006:post-17179834</id>
	<title>RE: RE: particle to pfu ratio</title>
	<published>2008-05-11T14:55:49Z</published>
	<updated>2008-05-11T14:55:49Z</updated>
	<author>
		<name>Dunowska, Magda</name>
	</author>
	<content type="html">&lt;br&gt;Hi everybody,
&lt;br&gt;With respect to Parmjeet's email below: I got the 5.2 from a description in a veterinary virology book, but after your email I did check that info. So, parvovirus genomes are 5 kbp long according to the latest report on virus taxonomy (&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ICTVdb/ICTVdB/00.050.1.01.htm&quot; target=&quot;_top&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ICTVdb/ICTVdB/00.050.1.01.htm&lt;/a&gt;) and the available full genome sequences of porcine parvovirus on GenBank are about this length (a link to a recent submission of a whole sequence of 5075 bp: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/viewer.fcgi?db=nucleotide&amp;val=9628826&quot; target=&quot;_top&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/viewer.fcgi?db=nucleotide&amp;val=9628826&lt;/a&gt;).
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Also, I am not sure how accurate the EM would be for quantifying viral particles, as it is a pretty insensitive tool and one needs at least 10*6 particles/mL to be even able to see them under EM, but I would be very interested to know whether or not anybody out there have used it for this purpose?
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Magda Dunowska, LW (vet), PhD
&lt;br&gt;Senior Lecturer in Veterinary Infectious Diseases (Virology)
&lt;br&gt;Institute of Veterinary, Animal and Biomedical Sciences
&lt;br&gt;Te Kura Mātauranga Kararehe
&lt;br&gt;Massey University
&lt;br&gt;Palmerston North
&lt;br&gt;New Zealand
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Phone : (06) 356-9099 ext 7571
&lt;br&gt;Website : &lt;a href=&quot;http://ivabs.massey.ac.nz&quot; target=&quot;_top&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://ivabs.massey.ac.nz&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;-----Original Message-----
&lt;br&gt;From: Randhawa, Parmjeet [mailto:&lt;a href=&quot;http://old.nabble.com/user/SendEmail.jtp?type=post&amp;post=17179834&amp;i=0&quot; target=&quot;_top&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;randhawapa@...&lt;/a&gt;]
&lt;br&gt;Sent: Saturday, 10 May 2008 5:43 p.m.
&lt;br&gt;To: Dunowska, Magda; &lt;a href=&quot;http://old.nabble.com/user/SendEmail.jtp?type=post&amp;post=17179834&amp;i=1&quot; target=&quot;_top&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;virology@...&lt;/a&gt;; &lt;a href=&quot;http://old.nabble.com/user/SendEmail.jtp?type=post&amp;post=17179834&amp;i=2&quot; target=&quot;_top&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;virology@...&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;br&gt;Subject: RE: [Virology] RE: particle to pfu ratio
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;I think parvovirus is smaller than 5.2 kb, more like 2-3 kb. Virus
&lt;br&gt;particles could also be quantitated by electron microscopy but that will
&lt;br&gt;not distinguish viable from non-viable virions.
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Parmjeet Randhawa, M.D.
&lt;br&gt;Professor of Pathology,
&lt;br&gt;Division of Transplant Pathology,
&lt;br&gt;University of Pittsburgh, Department of Pathology,
&lt;br&gt;E737 UPMC-Montefiore Hospital,
&lt;br&gt;3459 Fifth Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15213.
&lt;br&gt;Phone: 412 647 7646
&lt;br&gt;Fax: 412 647 5237
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;-----Original Message-----
&lt;br&gt;From: &lt;a href=&quot;http://old.nabble.com/user/SendEmail.jtp?type=post&amp;post=17179834&amp;i=3&quot; target=&quot;_top&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;virology-bounces@...&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;br&gt;[mailto:&lt;a href=&quot;http://old.nabble.com/user/SendEmail.jtp?type=post&amp;post=17179834&amp;i=4&quot; target=&quot;_top&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;virology-bounces@...&lt;/a&gt;] On Behalf Of Dunowska,
&lt;br&gt;Magda
&lt;br&gt;Sent: Friday, May 09, 2008 7:14 PM
&lt;br&gt;To: &lt;a href=&quot;http://old.nabble.com/user/SendEmail.jtp?type=post&amp;post=17179834&amp;i=5&quot; target=&quot;_top&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;virology@...&lt;/a&gt;; &lt;a href=&quot;http://old.nabble.com/user/SendEmail.jtp?type=post&amp;post=17179834&amp;i=6&quot; target=&quot;_top&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;virology@...&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;br&gt;Subject: [Virology] RE: particle to pfu ratio
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Doria,
&lt;br&gt;If you have a pure virus prep, maybe you could titrate it (to get PFU/mL
&lt;br&gt;value), and then extract viral DNA and estimate the number of viral
&lt;br&gt;particles based on the amount of viral DNA present, knowing that
&lt;br&gt;parvoviruses have a single-stranded DNA genome about 5.2 kbp in size?
&lt;br&gt;Just a thought...
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Magda
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;----------------------------------------------------------------------
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Message: 1
&lt;br&gt;Date: Wed, 7 May 2008 12:26:10 -0400
&lt;br&gt;From: &amp;quot;Bowers, Doria&amp;quot; &amp;lt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://old.nabble.com/user/SendEmail.jtp?type=post&amp;post=17179834&amp;i=7&quot; target=&quot;_top&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;dbowers@...&lt;/a&gt;&amp;gt;
&lt;br&gt;Subject: [Virology] particle to pfu ratios
&lt;br&gt;To: &amp;lt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://old.nabble.com/user/SendEmail.jtp?type=post&amp;post=17179834&amp;i=8&quot; target=&quot;_top&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;virology@...&lt;/a&gt;&amp;gt;
&lt;br&gt;Message-ID:
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&amp;lt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://old.nabble.com/user/SendEmail.jtp?type=post&amp;post=17179834&amp;i=9&quot; target=&quot;_top&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;783CE756031AB141B53257D89039DD75075EFFA3@...&lt;/a&gt;&amp;gt;
&lt;br&gt;Content-Type: text/plain; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; charset=&amp;quot;US-ASCII&amp;quot;
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;We are wondering what the particle:PFU ratio is for porcine parvovirus.
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Any ideas how to acquire this statistic?
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Doria Bowers
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;------------------------------
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;_______________________________________________
&lt;br&gt;Virology mailing list
&lt;br&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://old.nabble.com/user/SendEmail.jtp?type=post&amp;post=17179834&amp;i=10&quot; target=&quot;_top&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Virology@...&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;br&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.bio.net/biomail/listinfo/virology&quot; target=&quot;_top&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.bio.net/biomail/listinfo/virology&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;End of Virology Digest, Vol 29, Issue 1
&lt;br&gt;***************************************
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;_______________________________________________
&lt;br&gt;Virology mailing list
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</entry>

<entry>
	<id>tag:old.nabble.com,2006:post-17190698</id>
	<title>Could this be a possible treatment for HIV/AIDS?</title>
	<published>2008-05-10T15:08:56Z</published>
	<updated>2008-05-10T15:08:56Z</updated>
	<author>
		<name>DarkProtoman</name>
	</author>
	<content type="html">Could this be a possible treatment for HIV/AIDS:
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Synthesize a peptide nucleic acid antisense oligonucleotide for HIV’s
&lt;br&gt;gag gene’s mRNA. The reason for using PNA is that it is substantially
&lt;br&gt;more resistant to enzyme degradation by nucleases and proteases. The
&lt;br&gt;reason for choosing the gag gene is that it’s proteins, p24, p17, p7,
&lt;br&gt;and p6, code for the basic physical infrastructure of HIV; w/o these
&lt;br&gt;key proteins, there is no HIV. Then, encapsulate the oligonucleotides
&lt;br&gt;in liposomes studded w/ anti-CD4 antibodies. This will ensure 1)
&lt;br&gt;toxicity is limited—cf Ambisome, the liposomal preperation of
&lt;br&gt;amphotericin B—2) the biologic goes only where it’s needed, which is
&lt;br&gt;the cytoplasm of CD4+ T-cells. Decorating the liposome w/ anti-CD4
&lt;br&gt;antibodies will trigger endocytosis, in my limited knowledge, at
&lt;br&gt;least. I predict low toxicity and high efficacy in reducing the
&lt;br&gt;patient’s viral load to hopefully 0 copies/ml.
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Maybe, when I'm doing my PhD or MD dissertation --a long ways off,
&lt;br&gt;see
&lt;br&gt;below--, I could do it on this, patent the resulting product --ie the
&lt;br&gt;PNA oligonucleotide itself--, and license it to Genentech or Hybridon
&lt;br&gt;for further development into a marketable biologic.
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;What are your thoughts? Should LNA instead of PNA be used? Cell-
&lt;br&gt;penetrating peptides vs. liposomes? Targeting the gag gene vs.
&lt;br&gt;targeting the pol gene? Using anti-CD4 mAbs vs. anti-gp160 mTcRs as a
&lt;br&gt;drug targeting device? Are there any publications about this subject?
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Another drug could be a mTcR for gp160, linked to FasL...this should
&lt;br&gt;cause formation of DISC, leading to the cell's eventual apoptosis. And
&lt;br&gt;since it's linked to an mTcR that only recognizes gp160, only HIV-
&lt;br&gt;infected cells will undergo apoptosis. And since apoptosis is an
&lt;br&gt;organized &amp;quot;format c:&amp;quot; of the cell, the virons will also be
&lt;br&gt;destroyed!!!
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;In your expert opinions, do you believe these will cause remission of
&lt;br&gt;HIV/AIDS? Partial or complete?
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;And, just for fun, what do you think the generic names would be for
&lt;br&gt;these biologics? Brand names?
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;BTW, if this helps you answer, I'm a 16.5 year old community college
&lt;br&gt;freshman who hopes to have a career as a physician-scientist.
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Thanks!!!!
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;_______________________________________________
&lt;br&gt;Virology mailing list
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</entry>

<entry>
	<id>tag:old.nabble.com,2006:post-17166461</id>
	<title>RE: RE: particle to pfu ratio</title>
	<published>2008-05-09T22:43:16Z</published>
	<updated>2008-05-09T22:43:16Z</updated>
	<author>
		<name>Randhawa, Parmjeet</name>
	</author>
	<content type="html">I think parvovirus is smaller than 5.2 kb, more like 2-3 kb. Virus
&lt;br&gt;particles could also be quantitated by electron microscopy but that will
&lt;br&gt;not distinguish viable from non-viable virions.
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Parmjeet Randhawa, M.D.
&lt;br&gt;Professor of Pathology,
&lt;br&gt;Division of Transplant Pathology,
&lt;br&gt;University of Pittsburgh, Department of Pathology,
&lt;br&gt;E737 UPMC-Montefiore Hospital,
&lt;br&gt;3459 Fifth Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15213.
&lt;br&gt;Phone: 412 647 7646
&lt;br&gt;Fax: 412 647 5237
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;-----Original Message-----
&lt;br&gt;From: &lt;a href=&quot;http://old.nabble.com/user/SendEmail.jtp?type=post&amp;post=17166461&amp;i=0&quot; target=&quot;_top&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;virology-bounces@...&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;br&gt;[mailto:&lt;a href=&quot;http://old.nabble.com/user/SendEmail.jtp?type=post&amp;post=17166461&amp;i=1&quot; target=&quot;_top&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;virology-bounces@...&lt;/a&gt;] On Behalf Of Dunowska,
&lt;br&gt;Magda
&lt;br&gt;Sent: Friday, May 09, 2008 7:14 PM
&lt;br&gt;To: &lt;a href=&quot;http://old.nabble.com/user/SendEmail.jtp?type=post&amp;post=17166461&amp;i=2&quot; target=&quot;_top&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;virology@...&lt;/a&gt;; &lt;a href=&quot;http://old.nabble.com/user/SendEmail.jtp?type=post&amp;post=17166461&amp;i=3&quot; target=&quot;_top&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;virology@...&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;br&gt;Subject: [Virology] RE: particle to pfu ratio
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Doria,
&lt;br&gt;If you have a pure virus prep, maybe you could titrate it (to get PFU/mL
&lt;br&gt;value), and then extract viral DNA and estimate the number of viral
&lt;br&gt;particles based on the amount of viral DNA present, knowing that
&lt;br&gt;parvoviruses have a single-stranded DNA genome about 5.2 kbp in size?
&lt;br&gt;Just a thought...
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Magda
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;----------------------------------------------------------------------
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Message: 1
&lt;br&gt;Date: Wed, 7 May 2008 12:26:10 -0400
&lt;br&gt;From: &amp;quot;Bowers, Doria&amp;quot; &amp;lt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://old.nabble.com/user/SendEmail.jtp?type=post&amp;post=17166461&amp;i=4&quot; target=&quot;_top&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;dbowers@...&lt;/a&gt;&amp;gt;
&lt;br&gt;Subject: [Virology] particle to pfu ratios
&lt;br&gt;To: &amp;lt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://old.nabble.com/user/SendEmail.jtp?type=post&amp;post=17166461&amp;i=5&quot; target=&quot;_top&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;virology@...&lt;/a&gt;&amp;gt;
&lt;br&gt;Message-ID:
&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;br&gt;&amp;lt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://old.nabble.com/user/SendEmail.jtp?type=post&amp;post=17166461&amp;i=6&quot; target=&quot;_top&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;783CE756031AB141B53257D89039DD75075EFFA3@...&lt;/a&gt;&amp;gt;
&lt;br&gt;Content-Type: text/plain; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; charset=&amp;quot;US-ASCII&amp;quot;
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;We are wondering what the particle:PFU ratio is for porcine parvovirus.
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Any ideas how to acquire this statistic?
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Doria Bowers
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;------------------------------
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;_______________________________________________
&lt;br&gt;Virology mailing list
&lt;br&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://old.nabble.com/user/SendEmail.jtp?type=post&amp;post=17166461&amp;i=7&quot; target=&quot;_top&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Virology@...&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;br&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.bio.net/biomail/listinfo/virology&quot; target=&quot;_top&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.bio.net/biomail/listinfo/virology&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;End of Virology Digest, Vol 29, Issue 1
&lt;br&gt;***************************************
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;_______________________________________________
&lt;br&gt;Virology mailing list
&lt;br&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://old.nabble.com/user/SendEmail.jtp?type=post&amp;post=17166461&amp;i=8&quot; target=&quot;_top&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Virology@...&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;br&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.bio.net/biomail/listinfo/virology&quot; target=&quot;_top&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.bio.net/biomail/listinfo/virology&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;_______________________________________________
&lt;br&gt;Virology mailing list
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</entry>

<entry>
	<id>tag:old.nabble.com,2006:post-17159791</id>
	<title>RE: particle to pfu ratio</title>
	<published>2008-05-09T16:14:16Z</published>
	<updated>2008-05-09T16:14:16Z</updated>
	<author>
		<name>Dunowska, Magda</name>
	</author>
	<content type="html">Doria,
&lt;br&gt;If you have a pure virus prep, maybe you could titrate it (to get PFU/mL value), and then extract viral DNA and estimate the number of viral particles based on the amount of viral DNA present, knowing that parvoviruses have a single-stranded DNA genome about 5.2 kbp in size? Just a thought...
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Magda
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;----------------------------------------------------------------------
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Message: 1
&lt;br&gt;Date: Wed, 7 May 2008 12:26:10 -0400
&lt;br&gt;From: &amp;quot;Bowers, Doria&amp;quot; &amp;lt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://old.nabble.com/user/SendEmail.jtp?type=post&amp;post=17159791&amp;i=0&quot; target=&quot;_top&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;dbowers@...&lt;/a&gt;&amp;gt;
&lt;br&gt;Subject: [Virology] particle to pfu ratios
&lt;br&gt;To: &amp;lt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://old.nabble.com/user/SendEmail.jtp?type=post&amp;post=17159791&amp;i=1&quot; target=&quot;_top&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;virology@...&lt;/a&gt;&amp;gt;
&lt;br&gt;Message-ID:
&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;lt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://old.nabble.com/user/SendEmail.jtp?type=post&amp;post=17159791&amp;i=2&quot; target=&quot;_top&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;783CE756031AB141B53257D89039DD75075EFFA3@...&lt;/a&gt;&amp;gt;
&lt;br&gt;Content-Type: text/plain; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; charset=&amp;quot;US-ASCII&amp;quot;
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;We are wondering what the particle:PFU ratio is for porcine parvovirus.
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Any ideas how to acquire this statistic?
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Doria Bowers
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;------------------------------
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;_______________________________________________
&lt;br&gt;Virology mailing list
&lt;br&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://old.nabble.com/user/SendEmail.jtp?type=post&amp;post=17159791&amp;i=3&quot; target=&quot;_top&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Virology@...&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;br&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.bio.net/biomail/listinfo/virology&quot; target=&quot;_top&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.bio.net/biomail/listinfo/virology&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;End of Virology Digest, Vol 29, Issue 1
&lt;br&gt;***************************************
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;_______________________________________________
&lt;br&gt;Virology mailing list
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</entry>

<entry>
	<id>tag:old.nabble.com,2006:post-17159798</id>
	<title>RE: Virology Digest, Vol 29, Issue 1</title>
	<published>2008-05-09T15:49:55Z</published>
	<updated>2008-05-09T15:49:55Z</updated>
	<author>
		<name>Dunowska, Magda</name>
	</author>
	<content type="html">Doria,
&lt;br&gt;If you have a pure virus prep, maybe you could titrate it (to get PFU/mL value), and then extract viral DNA and estimate the number of viral particles based on the amount of viral DNA present, knowing that parvoviruses have a single-stranded DNA genome about 5.2 kbp in size? Just a thought...
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Magda
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;-----Original Message-----
&lt;br&gt;From: &lt;a href=&quot;http://old.nabble.com/user/SendEmail.jtp?type=post&amp;post=17159798&amp;i=0&quot; target=&quot;_top&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;virology-bounces@...&lt;/a&gt; [mailto:&lt;a href=&quot;http://old.nabble.com/user/SendEmail.jtp?type=post&amp;post=17159798&amp;i=1&quot; target=&quot;_top&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;virology-bounces@...&lt;/a&gt;] On Behalf Of &lt;a href=&quot;http://old.nabble.com/user/SendEmail.jtp?type=post&amp;post=17159798&amp;i=2&quot; target=&quot;_top&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;virology-request@...&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;br&gt;Sent: Thursday, 8 May 2008 5:04 a.m.
&lt;br&gt;To: &lt;a href=&quot;http://old.nabble.com/user/SendEmail.jtp?type=post&amp;post=17159798&amp;i=3&quot; target=&quot;_top&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;virology@...&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;br&gt;Subject: Virology Digest, Vol 29, Issue 1
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Send Virology mailing list submissions to
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&lt;br&gt;than &amp;quot;Re: Contents of Virology digest...&amp;quot;
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Today's Topics:
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;1. particle to pfu ratios (Bowers, Doria)
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;----------------------------------------------------------------------
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Message: 1
&lt;br&gt;Date: Wed, 7 May 2008 12:26:10 -0400
&lt;br&gt;From: &amp;quot;Bowers, Doria&amp;quot; &amp;lt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://old.nabble.com/user/SendEmail.jtp?type=post&amp;post=17159798&amp;i=7&quot; target=&quot;_top&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;dbowers@...&lt;/a&gt;&amp;gt;
&lt;br&gt;Subject: [Virology] particle to pfu ratios
&lt;br&gt;To: &amp;lt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://old.nabble.com/user/SendEmail.jtp?type=post&amp;post=17159798&amp;i=8&quot; target=&quot;_top&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;virology@...&lt;/a&gt;&amp;gt;
&lt;br&gt;Message-ID:
&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;lt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://old.nabble.com/user/SendEmail.jtp?type=post&amp;post=17159798&amp;i=9&quot; target=&quot;_top&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;783CE756031AB141B53257D89039DD75075EFFA3@...&lt;/a&gt;&amp;gt;
&lt;br&gt;Content-Type: text/plain; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; charset=&amp;quot;US-ASCII&amp;quot;
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;We are wondering what the particle:PFU ratio is for porcine parvovirus.
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Any ideas how to acquire this statistic?
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Doria Bowers
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;------------------------------
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;_______________________________________________
&lt;br&gt;Virology mailing list
&lt;br&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://old.nabble.com/user/SendEmail.jtp?type=post&amp;post=17159798&amp;i=10&quot; target=&quot;_top&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Virology@...&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;br&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.bio.net/biomail/listinfo/virology&quot; target=&quot;_top&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.bio.net/biomail/listinfo/virology&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;End of Virology Digest, Vol 29, Issue 1
&lt;br&gt;***************************************
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;_______________________________________________
&lt;br&gt;Virology mailing list
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</entry>

<entry>
	<id>tag:old.nabble.com,2006:post-17109151</id>
	<title>particle to pfu ratios</title>
	<published>2008-05-07T09:26:10Z</published>
	<updated>2008-05-07T09:26:10Z</updated>
	<author>
		<name>Bowers, Doria</name>
	</author>
	<content type="html">We are wondering what the particle:PFU ratio is for porcine parvovirus.
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Any ideas how to acquire this statistic?
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Doria Bowers
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;_______________________________________________
&lt;br&gt;Virology mailing list
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</entry>

<entry>
	<id>tag:old.nabble.com,2006:post-16729736</id>
	<title>VIZIER / SPINE2 Workshop on Structural Virology</title>
	<published>2008-04-15T14:56:15Z</published>
	<updated>2008-04-15T14:56:15Z</updated>
	<author>
		<name>Paul Tucker-2</name>
	</author>
	<content type="html">Dear Virologist,
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Registrations are now being accepted for the
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;*VIZIER / SPINE2 Workshop on Structural Virology*
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;taking place from 14th - 16th July &amp;nbsp;2008, in Vienna, Austria
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;This workshop will cover recent advances in our understanding of viral
&lt;br&gt;entry, assembly, replication and pathogenesis principally, but not
&lt;br&gt;exclusively, based upon information derived from structural studies. The
&lt;br&gt;planned sessions are on viral assembly, double-stranded RNA viruses, the
&lt;br&gt;flavivirus replication machinery, the coronavirus replication machinery,
&lt;br&gt;virus/host interactions including aspects of viral entry, negative
&lt;br&gt;strand RNA viruses and viruses of prokaryotes and archea.
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;In addition to the invited speakers, oral presentations will be selected
&lt;br&gt;from the submitted abstracts. The sessions are not exclusive and any
&lt;br&gt;topic relevant to the structural biology of viruses will be considered
&lt;br&gt;for a poster or oral presentation. For this reason early registration
&lt;br&gt;and abstract submission is strongly encouraged.
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;The workshop is part of the training and dissemination activities of the
&lt;br&gt;Vizier and Spine2Complexes projects. The Department of Biomolecular
&lt;br&gt;Structural Chemistry, Max F. Perutz Labs at University of Vienna is a
&lt;br&gt;Training and Dissemination Centre for the EU 6th Framework VIZIER
&lt;br&gt;project (&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.vizier-europe.org&quot; target=&quot;_top&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.vizier-europe.org&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;lt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.vizier-europe.org/&quot; target=&quot;_top&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.vizier-europe.org/&lt;/a&gt;&amp;gt;).
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;*
&lt;br&gt;INVITED SPEAKERS INCLUDE*:
&lt;br&gt;*
&lt;br&gt;Virus assembly*:
&lt;br&gt;Alasdair Steven (NIAMS)
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;*Double-stranded RNA viruses*:
&lt;br&gt;Jon Grimes (Oxford), B.V.V. Prasad (Baylor College of Medicine)
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;*Flavivirus replication machinery*:
&lt;br&gt;Martino Bolognesi (Milano), Bruno Canard (Marseilles), Hongmin Li (NY
&lt;br&gt;State Dept. of Health)
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;*Coronavirus replication machinery*:
&lt;br&gt;Rolf Hilgenfeld (Lubeck)
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;*Viral entry/Virus host interactions*:
&lt;br&gt;Felix Rey (Institute Pasteur), Katsumi Maenaka (Fukuoka), Winfried
&lt;br&gt;Weissenhorn (Grenoble)
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;*Negative strand RNA viruses*:
&lt;br&gt;Rob Ruigrok (IVMS Grenoble), Stephen Graham (Oxford), Zihe Rao &amp;nbsp;
&lt;br&gt;(Tsinghua)
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;*Viruses infecting bacteria and archea*:
&lt;br&gt;Herman van Tilbeurgh (Orsay), Denis Bamford (Helsinki)
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;The number of participants is limited to 100, the applicants will be
&lt;br&gt;accepted on a first-come first-served basis.
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;More information on this Workshop (all details, description,
&lt;br&gt;registration) are available at:
&lt;br&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.projects.mfpl.ac.at/structural-virology/&quot; target=&quot;_top&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.projects.mfpl.ac.at/structural-virology/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;******Deadline for abstract submission and registration is 15th June &amp;nbsp;
&lt;br&gt;2008.
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;We strongly encourage you to register soon, even if you do not have all
&lt;br&gt;registration details in hand, and BOOK a hotel ASAP! Vienna is a busy
&lt;br&gt;city in summer.
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;You can complete/confirm your registration afterwards, until the
&lt;br&gt;registration deadline June 15th, 2008, using the link that will be &amp;nbsp;
&lt;br&gt;sent to you via
&lt;br&gt;e-mail.
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Please feel free to forward this email to anyone you think might be &amp;nbsp;
&lt;br&gt;interested.
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; Paul Tucker
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;************************************************************************
&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;Dr. Paul A. Tucker
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;Group Leader
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;EMBL Hamburg Outstation &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;Tel: &amp;nbsp; +49 40 89902129
&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;c/o DESY, Notkestrasse 85 &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;FAX: &amp;nbsp; +49 40 89902149
&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;D22603 Hamburg &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;Email &amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;http://old.nabble.com/user/SendEmail.jtp?type=post&amp;post=16729736&amp;i=0&quot; target=&quot;_top&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;tucker@...&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;Germany
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;************************************************************************
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;_______________________________________________
&lt;br&gt;Virology mailing list
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</entry>

<entry>
	<id>tag:old.nabble.com,2006:post-16405817</id>
	<title>International Science and Engineering Fair - Call for Judges</title>
	<published>2008-03-31T11:09:52Z</published>
	<updated>2008-03-31T11:09:52Z</updated>
	<author>
		<name>DrKJRoberts</name>
	</author>
	<content type="html">The 59th ISEF will be held this year in Atlanta, Georgia May
&lt;br&gt;11th-17th. &amp;nbsp;I am looking for volunteers to serve as Grand Awards
&lt;br&gt;Judges in the Microbiology Category. &amp;nbsp;Last year's ISEF in Albuquerque,
&lt;br&gt;New Mexico, over 45 different countries sent 1510 secondary school
&lt;br&gt;finalists to compete. &amp;nbsp;We expect the same turn out at this year's
&lt;br&gt;Fair. &amp;nbsp;I am looking for judges to choose the top finalists who will
&lt;br&gt;compete for thousands of dollars in prizes and awards. &amp;nbsp;Grand Awards
&lt;br&gt;Judges will arrive in Atlanta on Tuesday, May 13 for orientation and
&lt;br&gt;pre-judging and will judge on Wednesday, May 14. &amp;nbsp;This is the premier
&lt;br&gt;worldwide science research competition for high school students grades
&lt;br&gt;9-12 and we need your support. &amp;nbsp;If you are interested in serving as a
&lt;br&gt;judge at this year's ISEF, please go to the following website and
&lt;br&gt;register:
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.intelisef2008.org/judging.html&quot; target=&quot;_top&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.intelisef2008.org/judging.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;If you need more information, don't hesitate to contact me at
&lt;br&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://old.nabble.com/user/SendEmail.jtp?type=post&amp;post=16405817&amp;i=0&quot; target=&quot;_top&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;drkjroberts@...&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Karl J. Roberts, Ph.D.
&lt;br&gt;Co-Chair, Microbiology Division
&lt;br&gt;International Science and Engineering Fair
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;_______________________________________________
&lt;br&gt;Virology mailing list
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</entry>

<entry>
	<id>tag:old.nabble.com,2006:post-16309760</id>
	<title>TCID50</title>
	<published>2008-03-25T05:10:24Z</published>
	<updated>2008-03-25T05:10:24Z</updated>
	<author>
		<name>crispinthiley</name>
	</author>
	<content type="html">Hi,
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Any recommendations. I am doing so viral replication assays under
&lt;br&gt;hypoxia and normoxia. This is causing my cells to grow a different
&lt;br&gt;rates through the time points.
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;I am trying to nomalise the data. Should i normalise to cells at time
&lt;br&gt;of infection as standard. At 24 hours, for cell count at each time
&lt;br&gt;point or use a ration of cell growth under different conditions. I
&lt;br&gt;have counted cell number under different conditions at all time
&lt;br&gt;points.
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Stuggling to find any detail in the literature to support this.
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Many Thanks
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Crispin
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;_______________________________________________
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</entry>

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