« Return to Thread: Jewish calendar - myths & maths

Jewish calendar - myths & maths

by Moongazer :: Rate this Message:

Reply to Author | View in Thread

I am not sure if this forum is the right place for this discussion, but I can't find a better one. This discussion relates to some obscure points about the Jewish calendar and Jewish chronology. They have no practical bearing on the calendar's use or on its mathematical structure or on our understanding of its astronomical underpinnings (which is why I am not sure that a discussion of this matter really belongs here), but if there are any on this list who nevertheless enjoy investigating the matters mentioned below, I am hoping they may be able to help with my own investigation of it.

I have written a paper which I believe may contain the first explanation (and likely the first credible one) of an obscure piece of calendar arithmetic contained in an Aramaic translation of the bible. The translation is Targum Pseudo Jonathan. The relevant verse is Genesis 1:16, part of the biblical account of creation - specifically, day four in that account, on which the Sun, Moon and stars are created. My explanation of the Targum Pseudo Jonathan on that verse was not the the main purpose of the paper, but it may turn out to be its most important feature.

Also discussed in the same paper are two Jewish legends about the creation of the Sun and Moon whose original sources I am seeking. If anyone knows something about this, particularly if you have heard of the second legend before, please let me know.

The legend about the Sun is that it was created on a Wednesday at zero hours (Jewish time) of the day (which is Tuesday 18:00, civil time). The source for the day is the bible itself (Gen. 1:16), but the original source for the time of day is more obscure.

The legend about the Moon is that when it was first created (at about the same time as the Sun), it was shut up in darkness (i.e. she was not permitted to shine) for a period of 47 hours. The mathematics of the present Jewish calendar presumes that a mean lunar conjunction occurred on Friday, Julian Day 348,352 (the last day of Jewish year 1) at 08:00 civil time (14:00 Jewish time) at the meridian of Jerusalem. Traditional Jewish chronology (based on the chronology of the bible) supposes that that day was the sixth day of creation and that the Sun and Moon were created two days earlier on Wednesday. This legend about the Moon is intended to explain the apparent anomaly that the Moon was already about two days old at the time of her first conjunction with the Sun. This version of the legend (the Babylonian Talmud, Hulin 60b, has a different version of it) appears in S.B. Burnaby, "Elements of the Jewish and Muhammedan Calendars …" (London, 1901), article 35, pp 42-45. He cites Scaliger and Petavius as secondary sources for this legend. The references to Scaliger and Petavius cited by Burnaby are given in detail in the article.

The article is entitled "On the search for a source for the Jewish tradition that the Sun was created at zero hours (Jewish time) on Wednesday." It is available in pdf form at: http://www.geocities.com/calendar.luchot

 « Return to Thread: Jewish calendar - myths & maths