Qemu: bridging on FreeBSD 7.0-STABLE

[uli1967]

Hi,

I am afraid I need some help to set up networking for
  qemu-0.9.1 on FreeBSD 7.0-STABLE amd64 .

The only hint for FreeBSD 7.0 I found was
  http://people.freebsd.org/~maho/qemu/qemu.html

It seems I don't need to kldload bridge, and don't need to set
any sysctl variables anymore (right?).

I just did (all as root)
         # ifconfig tap create
         # ifconfig bridge create
         # ifconfig bridge0 addm tap0 addm nfe0 up

and get
         # ifconfig -a
           [...]
tap0: flags=8902<BROADCAST,PROMISC,SIMPLEX,MULTICAST>
metric 0 mtu 1500
         ether 00:bd:63:44:71:00
bridge0: flags=8843<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,SIMPLEX,MULTICAST>
metric 0 mtu 1500
         ether 9e:2e:9a:d5:cf:09
         id 00:00:00:00:00:00 priority 32768 hellotime 2 fwddelay
15
         maxage 20 holdcnt 6 proto rstp maxaddr 100 timeout 1200
         root id 00:00:00:00:00:00 priority 32768 ifcost 0 port 0
         member: nfe0
flags=143<LEARNING,DISCOVER,AUTOEDGE,AUTOPTP>
         member: tap0
flags=143<LEARNING,DISCOVER,AUTOEDGE,AUTOPTP>


As /etc/qemu-ifup (Permissions 755) I use
         #!bin/sh
         ifconfig ${1} 0.0.0.0

Then I try to
  # qemu Win2k.img -net nic -net tap
  /etc/qemu-ifup: could not launch network script
  Could not initialize device 'tap'

Next thing I tried was
  # qemu Win2k.img -net nic -net tap,fd=0
Now qemu will start (and a lot of strange symbols are running
across my terminal) but I can't ping anything.

>From Qemu Monitor I get:
  (qemu) info network
  vlan0 devices:
  tap: fd=0
  ne2000 pci macaddr=52:54:00:12:34:56


Big thanks for your help,


Uli.

-------------------------------------
Peter Ulrich Kruppa
Wuppertal
Germany
_______________________________________________
freebsd-emulation@... mailing list
http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-emulation
To unsubscribe, send any mail to "freebsd-emulation-unsubscribe@..."

[Scott Robbins]

On Sat, Mar 08, 2008 at 06:51:30AM +0100, Peter Ulrich Kruppa wrote:

>
> I am afraid I need some help to set up networking for
> qemu-0.9.1 on FreeBSD 7.0-STABLE amd64 .

I did a howto on this awhile back.  However, these days, I don't use
qemu too much, so I'm no longer sure how much of it is still applicable.

Therefore, untested for months, but it's actually mentioned in the
pkg-message for qemu.

http://forums.bsdnexus.com/viewtopic.php?id=1563

It's untested for some time, but back when 7.0 was CURRENT, it worked
like a charm, thanks to the help of some folks on this list (who are
thanked in the howto.)


>
> As /etc/qemu-ifup (Permissions 755) I use
>         #!bin/sh
>         ifconfig ${1} 0.0.0.0
>
Even with 755 permissions, I don't know if it would work, since it's
doing ifconfig which will require root privilege.  Use sudo in the
ifconfig part.  

Anyway, take a look at the howto and see if it helps. Work these days
takes me away from FreeBSD, so I reiterate, it hasn't been tested for
some time, but I believe it's more current than the link you mention.


--
Scott Robbins
PGP keyID EB3467D6
( 1B48 077D 66F6 9DB0 FDC2 A409 FA54 EB34 67D6 )
gpg --keyserver pgp.mit.edu --recv-keys EB3467D6

Buffy: You read my diary? That is not OK. A diary is like a
person's most private possession. You don't even know what I was
writing about. Hunk can mean a lot of things, bad things. And,
and when I said his eyes were penetrating, I meant bulging.
Angel: Buffy...
Buffy: A doesn't even stand for Angel for that matter. It stand
for Achmed, a charming foreign exchange student. And that whole
fantasy part has nothing to even do with you, at all...
Angel: Your mother moved your diary when she came in to
straighten up. I watched her from the closet. I didn't read it, I
swear.
Buffy: Oh.
_______________________________________________
freebsd-emulation@... mailing list
http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-emulation
To unsubscribe, send any mail to "freebsd-emulation-unsubscribe@..."

[uli1967]

On Sat, 8 Mar 2008, Scott Robbins wrote:

> On Sat, Mar 08, 2008 at 06:51:30AM +0100, Peter Ulrich Kruppa wrote:
>
>>
>> I am afraid I need some help to set up networking for
>> qemu-0.9.1 on FreeBSD 7.0-STABLE amd64 .
>
> I did a howto on this awhile back.  However, these days, I don't use
> qemu too much, so I'm no longer sure how much of it is still applicable.
>
> Therefore, untested for months, but it's actually mentioned in the
> pkg-message for qemu.
>
> http://forums.bsdnexus.com/viewtopic.php?id=1563
>
> It's untested for some time, but back when 7.0 was CURRENT, it worked
> like a charm, thanks to the help of some folks on this list (who are
> thanked in the howto.)

Thanks a lot, but I still have got the same problems - and you
are right, last summer, or so, everything worked like a charm,
but now it doesn't anymore.

So I still need advice for (today's) 7.0-STABLE :(


>

>> As /etc/qemu-ifup (Permissions 755) I use
>>         #!bin/sh
>>         ifconfig ${1} 0.0.0.0
>>
> Even with 755 permissions, I don't know if it would work, since it's
> doing ifconfig which will require root privilege.  Use sudo in the
> ifconfig part.
I am doing all this as root.


Greetings,

Uli.

-------------------------------------
Peter Ulrich Kruppa
Wuppertal
Germany
_______________________________________________
freebsd-emulation@... mailing list
http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-emulation
To unsubscribe, send any mail to "freebsd-emulation-unsubscribe@..."

[Juergen Lock-2]

In article <20080308143231.U2007@...> you write:

>On Sat, 8 Mar 2008, Scott Robbins wrote:
>
>> On Sat, Mar 08, 2008 at 06:51:30AM +0100, Peter Ulrich Kruppa wrote:
>>
>>>
>>> I am afraid I need some help to set up networking for
>>> qemu-0.9.1 on FreeBSD 7.0-STABLE amd64 .
>>
>> I did a howto on this awhile back.  However, these days, I don't use
>> qemu too much, so I'm no longer sure how much of it is still applicable.
>>
>> Therefore, untested for months, but it's actually mentioned in the
>> pkg-message for qemu.
>>
>> http://forums.bsdnexus.com/viewtopic.php?id=1563
>>
>> It's untested for some time, but back when 7.0 was CURRENT, it worked
>> like a charm, thanks to the help of some folks on this list (who are
>> thanked in the howto.)
>Thanks a lot, but I still have got the same problems - and you
>are right, last summer, or so, everything worked like a charm,
>but now it doesn't anymore.
>
>So I still need advice for (today's) 7.0-STABLE :(
>
>
>>
>
>>> As /etc/qemu-ifup (Permissions 755) I use
>>>         #!bin/sh
>>>         ifconfig ${1} 0.0.0.0
>>>
>> Even with 755 permissions, I don't know if it would work, since it's
>> doing ifconfig which will require root privilege.  Use sudo in the
>> ifconfig part.
>I am doing all this as root.

Ok since I now also have a RELENG_7_0 box I just tested this, and
ended up doing the following (a little different than in the howto
since I didn't want to mess with sudo):

 1. Preparation:

I added
        perm    tap0    0660
to /etc/devfs.conf (my user is in wheel, if yours isnt maybe do
        own     tap0 john:john
like in the howto)

 2. after that, or later after reboot, as root:
        kldload aio kqemu if_bridge if_tap
        sysctl net.link.tap.up_on_open=1
        sysctl net.link.tap.user_open=1
        /etc/rc.d/devfs restart
        touch /dev/tap0
        ifconfig bridge0 create
        ifconfig bridge0 addm em0
        ifconfig bridge0 addm tap0
        ifconfig bridge0 up
(as you can see that box' physical nic is an em(4), use whatever yours is)

 3. now start qemu as user:
        qemu-system-x86_64 -m 256 -cdrom 7.0-RELEASE-amd64-livefs.iso -net nic -net tap,ifname=tap0,script=/usr/bin/true -boot d
(I also used -curses but thats only in the qemu-devel update atm that I
posted about on -emulation.  32 bit qemu with a 32 bit guest should work
as well of course, actually if you don't use the qemu-devel update 64 bit
FreeBSD 7.0 guests probably won't work, they need the files/patch-cpu-exec.c
in the update.  Oh and I used an UP kernel on the host...)

 4. now to test networking in the guest (as this is the FreeBSD livefs iso,
enter fixit via fixit->cdrom in sysinstall after cancelling the keymap
selection menu:)
        ifconfig ed0 <unused IP on the host em0's subnet>
[if you want to use this for real you probably would use another one of the
emulated nics, i.e. -net nic,model=i82557b or the new e1000 in the qemu-devel
update since they should perform better, but for testing the default ne2kpci
is enough]
        route add default <host em0's gateway IP>
        ln -s /dist/usr/bin /usr
[the above is needed in fixit for scp to work, I never can remember
my dns IPs...]
        scp nox@<host em0's IP>:/etc/resolv.conf /etc
        fetch http://freebsd.org

 and that leaves the guest with a html file called freebsd.org .

 Obviously, since I'm on a lan using private IPs here the fetch needs nat
enabled (and not firewalled) for the IP I gave to the guest, the same
is true if your host isn't on a lan but is using public IP(s) and has
no unused public IP available that you could use for the guest.  But
that's basic networking 101 that I guess most ppl here already know, :)
if you simply remember that the guest will act just like another host
on the network you brigde tap0 with...

 HTH,
        Juergen
_______________________________________________
freebsd-emulation@... mailing list
http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-emulation
To unsubscribe, send any mail to "freebsd-emulation-unsubscribe@..."

[Per Hedeland]

Peter Ulrich Kruppa <ulrich@...> wrote:
>
>I am afraid I need some help to set up networking for
> qemu-0.9.1 on FreeBSD 7.0-STABLE amd64 .

Last week I carried my qemu setup unchanged over from FreeBSD 6.2 /
qemu-0.9.0_3 to FreeBSD 7.0-RELEASE / qemu-0.9.1_1 - worked like a
charm. Most of my setup is in Scott's howto I think, though it's kind of
sprinkled about.:-)

>It seems I don't need to kldload bridge, and don't need to set
>any sysctl variables anymore (right?).

Whether there's a change in that respect depends on where you're coming
from - there was no *need* to set sysctl variables in 6.x either, but
some of them are very useful (not the bridge ones though). My setup is a
bit more dynamic/flexible/complex than what you describe, allowing for
multiple qemu instances getting started/stopped and/or running
simultaneously - you may not want to copy it if you're only ever going
to run one instance.

>As /etc/qemu-ifup (Permissions 755) I use
>         #!bin/sh
>         ifconfig ${1} 0.0.0.0
>
>Then I try to
> # qemu Win2k.img -net nic -net tap
> /etc/qemu-ifup: could not launch network script
> Could not initialize device 'tap'

AFAIR, that basically means that your qemu-ifup script exited with a
non-zero exit code. I don't know why it would, but you can start by
making sure that it doesn't by putting 'exit 0' at the end. This may of
course mask an actual problem, but at least it should allow qemu to
start, so you can check if there *is* an actual problem.

I would also recommend that you do just 'ifconfig ${1} up' instead of
'ifconfig ${1} 0.0.0.0' - shouldn't be much difference, but I have some
vague memory of the all-zero address causing problems in some case, and
there's certainly nothing good that can come out of it.

>Next thing I tried was
> # qemu Win2k.img -net nic -net tap,fd=0
>Now qemu will start (and a lot of strange symbols are running
>across my terminal) but I can't ping anything.

Well, you just need to copy those symbols and paste them into your
ethernet interface.:-) Seriously, I believe that command tells qemu to
use stdin/stdout for networking - don't do that. And of course, before
you can ping anything, networking must be properly set up (whether
manually or via DHCP) in the guest OS, as described in other posts.

--Per Hedeland
_______________________________________________
freebsd-emulation@... mailing list
http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-emulation
To unsubscribe, send any mail to "freebsd-emulation-unsubscribe@..."

[uli1967]

Great thanks to Juergen, Per and Scott (ordered alphabetically)!

For the records:
On Sat, 8 Mar 2008, Juergen Lock wrote:

> 1. Preparation:
>
> I added
> perm    tap0    0660
> to /etc/devfs.conf (my user is in wheel, if yours isnt maybe do
> own     tap0 john:john
> like in the howto)
>
> 2. after that, or later after reboot, as root:
> kldload aio kqemu if_bridge if_tap
> sysctl net.link.tap.up_on_open=1
> sysctl net.link.tap.user_open=1
> /etc/rc.d/devfs restart
> touch /dev/tap0
> ifconfig bridge0 create
> ifconfig bridge0 addm em0
> ifconfig bridge0 addm tap0
> ifconfig bridge0 up
> (as you can see that box' physical nic is an em(4), use whatever yours is)
>
> 3. now start qemu as user:
> qemu-system-x86_64 -m 256 -cdrom
> 7.0-RELEASE-amd64-livefs.iso -net nic -net
> tap,ifname=tap0,script=/usr/bin/true -boot d

                                 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
That's it: I need
  -net tap,script=/usr/bin/true

I never had thought about that. I have tried
  script=/etc/qemu-ifup
but to set it to true ... !?!

Again thank you,

Uli.

-------------------------------------
Peter Ulrich Kruppa
Wuppertal
Germany
_______________________________________________
freebsd-emulation@... mailing list
http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-emulation
To unsubscribe, send any mail to "freebsd-emulation-unsubscribe@..."

[PuffyBSD]

I am confused a bit,

so what would I have to put in /etc/sysctl.conf so that qemu would
have bridging for a user, automatically on bootup

would I have to have a shell script of some sort? and would it not
have to test if there already is a tap0?

I have been trying to get this to work for awhile, if anyone has
config files they could post I would very much appreciate it.

esp if you could get multiple qemu's to bridge at once

Sam Fourman Jr.
_______________________________________________
freebsd-emulation@... mailing list
http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-emulation
To unsubscribe, send any mail to "freebsd-emulation-unsubscribe@..."

[Per Hedeland]

Peter Ulrich Kruppa <ulrich@...> wrote:

>>
>> 3. now start qemu as user:
>> qemu-system-x86_64 -m 256 -cdrom
>> 7.0-RELEASE-amd64-livefs.iso -net nic -net
>> tap,ifname=tap0,script=/usr/bin/true -boot d
>                                 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
>That's it: I need
> -net tap,script=/usr/bin/true
>
>I never had thought about that. I have tried
> script=/etc/qemu-ifup
>but to set it to true ... !?!

Well, 'exit 0' in the script would then have worked too:-) (you do
realize that the above runs /usr/bin/true *instead* of /etc/qemu-ifup, I
hope). It would have been somewhat interesting to know why the
(redundant, in your case) ifconfig in the script failed though - maybe
it was just that /sbin wasn't in $PATH at that point.

--Per
_______________________________________________
freebsd-emulation@... mailing list
http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-emulation
To unsubscribe, send any mail to "freebsd-emulation-unsubscribe@..."

[uli1967]

On Sun, 9 Mar 2008, Per Hedeland wrote:

> Peter Ulrich Kruppa <ulrich@...> wrote:
>>>
>>> 3. now start qemu as user:
>>> qemu-system-x86_64 -m 256 -cdrom
>>> 7.0-RELEASE-amd64-livefs.iso -net nic -net
>>> tap,ifname=tap0,script=/usr/bin/true -boot d
>>                                 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
>> That's it: I need
>> -net tap,script=/usr/bin/true
>>
>> I never had thought about that. I have tried
>> script=/etc/qemu-ifup
>> but to set it to true ... !?!
>
> Well, 'exit 0' in the script would then have worked too:-)

Actually: no :-(
> (you do
> realize that the above runs /usr/bin/true *instead* of /etc/qemu-ifup, I
> hope).
Actually: no (since I am no big shell script hacker). Old simple
that I am, I believed it said, "Yes there is a script at the
default place /etc/qemu-ifup. Do use it."

> It would have been somewhat interesting to know why the
> (redundant, in your case) ifconfig in the script failed though - maybe
> it was just that /sbin wasn't in $PATH at that point.
>
> --Per
>
Greetings,

Uli.


-------------------------------------
Peter Ulrich Kruppa
Wuppertal
Germany
_______________________________________________
freebsd-emulation@... mailing list
http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-emulation
To unsubscribe, send any mail to "freebsd-emulation-unsubscribe@..."

[Per Hedeland]

"Sam Fourman Jr." <sfourman@...> wrote:

>
>I am confused a bit,
>
>so what would I have to put in /etc/sysctl.conf so that qemu would
>have bridging for a user, automatically on bootup
>
>would I have to have a shell script of some sort? and would it not
>have to test if there already is a tap0?
>
>I have been trying to get this to work for awhile, if anyone has
>config files they could post I would very much appreciate it.
>
>esp if you could get multiple qemu's to bridge at once

Here's the setup I use:

0. In /boot/loader.conf:

if_tap_load="YES"

   This may actually be redundant though, I haven't tried w/o it.

1. In /etc/sysctl.conf:

# Allow user open of tap device for qemu networking
net.link.tap.user_open=1

2. In /etc/devfs.rules:

[localrules=10]
# devfs starts before NIS, so need numerical uid here (if you use NIS)
add path 'tap*' user 1016

3. In /etc/rc.conf:

devfs_system_ruleset="localrules"

cloned_interfaces="bridge0"
ifconfig_bridge0="addm bge0 up"

   I.e. this is one-time stuff, you can of course do it manually instead
   when testing:

   ifconfig bridge0 create
   ifconfig bridge0 addm bge0 up

   Use the name of your physical ethernet interface instead of "bge0",
   of course.

4. /etc/qemu-ifup:

#!/bin/sh
sudo /sbin/ifconfig $1 up
case "`ifconfig bridge0`" in
    *" $1 "*) ;;      # already in the bridge
    *) sudo /sbin/ifconfig bridge0 addm $1 ;;
esac


Finally, to run multiple qemus with bridged networking you *must* assign
them different MAC addresses via -net nic,macaddr=52:54:00:XX:XX:XX
(well, one of them can have the default of course). I just hardwire
them, but in an earlier discussion here, Bakul Shah posted a nice trick
to auto-generate the MAC address:


   Right. I use a shell function to create a macaddress based on
   directory of the image file. Something like:
   
   macaddr() {
           echo 52:54:0:$(echo $1|md5 |cut -c1-6|sed 's/\(..\)\(..\)/\1:\2:/')
   }
   qemu -net nic,macaddr=$(macaddr $(dirname $(realpath $1))) -hda $*
   
   And invoke it as, for example,
   
   my-qemu /usr/oszoo/plan9 ...


Incidentally that post can *not* be found by searching the
freebsd-emulation archives at freebsd.org, but there's always google...

--Per
_______________________________________________
freebsd-emulation@... mailing list
http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-emulation
To unsubscribe, send any mail to "freebsd-emulation-unsubscribe@..."

[Per Hedeland]

Peter Ulrich Kruppa <ulrich@...> wrote:
>
>On Sun, 9 Mar 2008, Per Hedeland wrote:
>>
>> Well, 'exit 0' in the script would then have worked too:-)
>Actually: no :-(

Hm, well, at least it should have gotten rid of the

  /etc/qemu-ifup: could not launch network script
  Could not initialize device 'tap'

that you got, since the only thing qemu knows about the script is the
exit code when it tries to run it. Though "could not *launch*" does
sound like it wasn't able to run it at all, but I think that's just
unfortunate wording - or else you don't actually have the permissions
that you think on the script.

If it got rid of the message but networking still didn't work, I would
suspect the "0.0.0.0" instead of "up". But in any case, if you do the
ifconfig manually and are happy with that, there's no need to run a
script, as your result with /usr/bin/true shows.

Finally, it's worth noting that testing this stuff and drawing the
correct conclusions is pretty hard, since you keep leaving "state bits"
around - e.g. once you've 'ifconfig up'ed an interface, it remains up
even if you think you're "starting over", and you might incorrectly
conclude that you don't need that ifconfig thingie.

>> (you do
>> realize that the above runs /usr/bin/true *instead* of /etc/qemu-ifup, I
>> hope).
>Actually: no (since I am no big shell script hacker). Old simple
>that I am, I believed it said, "Yes there is a script at the
>default place /etc/qemu-ifup. Do use it."

Well, there is a man page for qemu, and it's quite clear about what the
argument to 'script=' means.:-)

--Per
_______________________________________________
freebsd-emulation@... mailing list
http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-emulation
To unsubscribe, send any mail to "freebsd-emulation-unsubscribe@..."

[Sean C. Farley-2]

On Sat, 8 Mar 2008, Juergen Lock wrote:

> 3. now start qemu as user:
> qemu-system-x86_64 -m 256 -cdrom 7.0-RELEASE-amd64-livefs.iso -net nic -net tap,ifname=tap0,script=/usr/bin/true -boot d

FYI, script=no (from the man page) tells it to not execute any script.

Sean
--
scf@...
_______________________________________________
freebsd-emulation@... mailing list
http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-emulation
To unsubscribe, send any mail to "freebsd-emulation-unsubscribe@..."